Arthritis - Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Arthritis is a group of conditions involving inflammation of one or more joints, causing pain, stiffness, and swelling that can worsen with age.
Overview
Arthritis is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. There are over 100 types of arthritis, with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis being the most common.
In India, arthritis affects over 180 million people. Early diagnosis and proper management can help maintain mobility and quality of life.
Symptoms of Arthritis
- Joint PainPrimary
Joint pain is discomfort, ache, or soreness in any of the body's joints. It can be caused by injury, arthritis, infections, or other conditions affecting the joints.
- Back Pain
Back pain is one of the most common reasons people seek medical help. It can range from a dull, constant ache to a sudden, sharp pain and can affect anyone at any age.
- Fatigue
Fatigue is a feeling of persistent tiredness or exhaustion that does not improve with rest. It can be physical, mental, or both, and may indicate an underlying health condition.
Causes of Arthritis
Wear and tear of joint cartilage (osteoarthritis)
Autoimmune attack on joint lining (rheumatoid arthritis)
Uric acid crystal deposits in joints (gout)
Infections
Genetic factors
Previous joint injuries
Treatment for Arthritis
Pain medications (NSAIDs, acetaminophen)
Disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis
Physical therapy and exercise
Joint injections (corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid)
Lifestyle modifications (weight management, assistive devices)
Surgery (joint replacement) for severe cases
Prevention
Maintain a healthy weight to reduce joint stress
Exercise regularly with low-impact activities
Protect joints during physical activities
Eat an anti-inflammatory diet
Stay active and avoid prolonged inactivity
Get early treatment for joint injuries
Risk Factors
Age — risk increases with age
Sex — women are more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis
Family history
Previous joint injury
Obesity
Certain occupations with repetitive joint stress
When to See a Doctor
See an orthopedic specialist or rheumatologist if you have persistent joint pain, swelling, or stiffness lasting more than a few weeks, difficulty moving a joint, or if joint problems are affecting your daily activities.
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Which Doctor to Consult for Arthritis
If you are experiencing symptoms of arthritis, you may want to consult a specialist in one of these areas:
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These conditions share similar symptoms with arthritis and may be relevant:
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