Swelling - Causes, Conditions & When to See a Doctor
Swelling (edema) is the enlargement of body parts caused by fluid accumulation in tissues. It can occur in any part of the body but commonly affects feet, ankles, legs, and hands.
Overview
Swelling can be caused by many conditions ranging from minor injuries to serious organ disease. The location, extent, and associated symptoms help determine the cause. Sudden swelling, especially of the face or throat, can be a medical emergency.
Conditions That Cause Swelling
Swelling can be associated with several medical conditions. Understanding the underlying cause is important for proper treatment.
Chronic Kidney Disease
Common causeChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a gradual loss of kidney function over months or years, eventually requiring dialysis or transplant if it progresses to end-stage.
Gout
Common causeGout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by excess uric acid in the blood, leading to sudden, severe attacks of joint pain, swelling, and redness, most often in the big toe.
Conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis (pink eye) is an inflammation or infection of the transparent membrane (conjunctiva) that lines the eyelid and covers the white part of the eyeball.
Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver disease (hepatic steatosis) is a condition where excess fat builds up in the liver. It can be alcohol-related or non-alcoholic (NAFLD/NASH).
Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease, caused by plaque buildup in the walls of arteries that supply blood to the heart.
When to See a Doctor for Swelling
See a doctor if swelling is persistent, worsening, occurs in only one leg (possible DVT), is accompanied by shortness of breath, chest pain, or decreased urine output. Seek emergency care for sudden facial or throat swelling (possible allergic reaction).
Need help with Swelling?
Talk to our care team — we'll help you find the right specialist near you.
Related Symptoms
People experiencing swelling may also notice these symptoms:
Medical Disclaimer
The content provided on Zospital is for general informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your doctor or emergency services immediately.